Industrie 4.0: Mein Har(t)z Brennt Part 1

“Turning and turning in the widening gyre

The falcon cannot hear the falconer;

Things fall apart; the centre cannot hold;

Mere anarchy is loosed upon the world,

The blood-dimmed tide is loosed, and everywhere

The ceremony of innocence is drowned;

The best lack all conviction, while the worst are full of passionate intensity.”

WB Yeats.

15 years after the Hartz reforms made Germany a tougher and more resilient place in which to work and live, decades-long semi-austerity has left the motor of the European economy coughing and sputtering in anticipation of a global Trumpcession. Amidst worldwide turbulence and upheaval, a baby boomer generation sets to retire, leaving the reins of Mittelstand companies in the hands of a TV generation trying to raise an internet generation. This could not have happened at a foggier time. China, the workshop of the world, is asserting itself and decidedly moving upmarket in many niches. Manufacturing excellence is not something that small German family firms put on awards on the wall, manufacturing excellence is the dream that one of the richest and most powerful countries in the world wants to attain. A million new immigrants have exposed long glossed over German societal fractures such as extreme right terror, nationalist violent groups of all stripes, a radicalized Antifa, new Germans not entirely absorbed and oops the ossi wessi divide or areas of economic backwardness didn’t disappear with the Trabant. Cooperation, social adhesion, catholicism, and identity; they are all ebbing or under siege. Even though roads seem in perennial repair; underinvestment in infrastructure has left the country looking less than spiffy.

It seems that if you move your government to Berlin, Berlin will look nicer while the country looks more like Berlin. Underinvestment in education has meant that in this area the nation lags European peers as well. Germany does invest cohesively in innovation but seems set to perennially lag behind the US and China on that front. Lack of VC capital, when compared to the US, means that there are far fewer startups, especially far fewer larger successful ones. Erstwhile staid institutions such as Deutsche Bank seem wobbly or indeed have been quite adept at carrying on as a giant hedge fund/Russian Money transfer scheme while masquerading as a boring financial institution. The Volkswagen scandal still weighs heavily on a collective culture of excellence and quality.

Over 100 years ago the German government had a goal for itself in the collective stumble to slaughter that was the First World War. The government’s goal was the: establishment of a Germany dominated customs union. 104 years on, two observations can be made:

  1. Germans are persistent
  2. Be careful what you wish for

Many people would have given up after the First World War, not the Germans. Many people would then have given up after the Second World War, not the Germans. They kept on going and finally after 100 years got their Germany dominated customs union. But, now what? A nation-state born out of a conflagration the German Federal Republic now has over 70 years of prosperity, growth, stability, and peace behind it. After turbulence and destruction, there was rubble and this was turned into a path to future riches and safety that would have seemed a feverish dream to those clambering through bomb crater hewn Allee’s. Germany is one of the most successful countries that the world has ever seen, but what is its place in a world that is seeing the demise of the nation-state and the rise of ultra-nationalism simultaneously?

Nihilism, apathy, and extremism grow as we enter the age of China and the caudillo. Civil society is for textbooks and what will the terrorists do once we’ve run out of acronyms for them? It is becoming increasingly clear that those left-wingers that shouted while standing on boxes for workers’ rights have essentially won, only to suddenly lose. All of their dreams from worker safety to pay, to vacations, to affordable housing have been granted. Meanwhile, the right has gotten its law and order with crime being reduced to next to nothing and violent crime being something you’re likelier to find on vacation than at home. Centrists have gotten their civil society a little bit of everything a la carte dream while länder press and public have power. Businesses are easy to start and are well regulated while labor unions have been so successful as to be useless. Essentially Germany has done such a good job of keeping its promises and attaining its dreams that it has no more hopes and dreams with which to feed a future thirst for that thing that is Germany.

Extremism is on the rise because they do manage to break through a cluttered media landscape with simple ideas and now it is Baader Meinhof Phenomena that dominate the things that we think about. Technocratic policies alienated many because they simply were too complex for a large segment of the populace  to understand. Embarrassed to ask, they become disenfranchised by the multisyllabic integrated policies and their fine-tuning. Alienated, they feel as if they were patronized by ‘adults in the room.’ Everyone, however, can join a discussion about what kind of headdress the supermarket check out girl should be allowed to wear. A resurgence is populism is therefore not because of the anti-immigrant, xenophobic, isolationist nature of these policies or indeed their objectives. Populism has grown due to the fact that it is simple to understand, talk about and spread in a confusing world. Populism is popular now because it is a series of hale spears designed to pierce the heart of modern democracy itself. Tossed by tossers who are nihilists themselves but do believe in their own call to power the populist policies are popular because they are simple, fit into a soundbite and are easy to talk about. As per Mr. Yeats, therefore, we can see ourselves in a place where indeed, the center is not holding and the good roam listlessly while the sheep are stirred by the truthful seeming simple burn that is hate.

How to counter this as a member of society which through policy and concerted effort has tried to create and maintain an equitable country for all? We must come up with new dreams as vibrant scary and hopeful as the ones of the past. From the land of Herder new ideas are emerging, in fact, that could, in fact, herd us all to a hopeful optimistic future where harmony reigns supreme. Having accomplished the rise of the human Germany now turns to the rise of the robot.

Images: Lisa, Trine, Cynthia, Stefan.

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Interview with Lorena James, Who Turns Invasive Species of Quagga Mussels Into 3D Printing Filament

Lorena James

Lorena James

Lorena James is a Sustainability Innovator within the Additive Manufacturing Industry. She is the founder of Z SPools, an award-winning Lake Erie-based startup that provides 3D solutions for invasive species. They manufacture a patent ending 3D printing filament out of zebra and quagga mussel shells – two of the most prominent invasive species in the Great Lakes. We’ve written about her great project before

Give us a brief summary of your life experience and college experience that has gotten you to this point.

My senior year of high school I enrolled in an Entrepreneurial Studies course during which I was introduced to the world of entrepreneurship. Every month, I worked with a team of students to serve as consultants, solving issues faced by local entrepreneurs in my native Buffalo, NY. From golf ball manufacturing to urban farming, I learned a lot about the diverse experiences of entrepreneurs and the passion that guides them in their work. This inspired me to engage in my own entrepreneurial path for my senior thesis project. I was recommended by my entrepreneurial studies teacher to register for a competition called Erie Hack, a pitch competition with the goal of solving water quality and other environmental issues in cities around Lake Erie. This competition propelled me into my work with Z Spools. Through the ideation process up until the pitch day, I worked closely with mentors at my high school and the University at Buffalo. In the end, I won the high school portion of the competition and continued to work with Z Spools as I began the college career at Davidson College. Now, I continue my entrepreneurial path with the many resources available at Davidson including The Hub Entrepreneurial Center, Davidson’s Makerspace, and the Avinger Scholarship. Such work had inspired me to declare an Environmental Entrepreneurship major.

What makes you passionate about the environment?

My family has always been close to nature. I grew up tending to a lush backyard garden, fishing in the Finger Lakes, and hiking in the Niagara River Gorge. In addition, interest in my Native ancestry inspired my study under a local Iroquois medicine man. He owned a shop in my native Buffalo, NY where he sold various herbal remedies. I learned a lot about methods of natural healing and furthered my respect and appreciation for nature. So, when it came time for me to begin the ideation process for my aforementioned senior thesis project, I used inspiration from the natural world to guide me. The circular economy is a concept that is linked with sustainability as well as 3D printing.

How do you feel about the circular economy as a thought process?

Adopting circular economy as a thought process is crucial when applied to living a sustainable life. Such a way of thinking looks different for everybody. As I travel now through Asia this summer, I see that sustainable living looks different in Shanghai than it would in a city like Buffalo. But people inhabiting both of these cities can make little changes in their everyday lives to adopt a circular economy thought process and – in turn – live more sustainable. For example, think of the life cycle of a plastic bag. Such an item has many uses. While it may be initially used to hold grocery items, subsequent uses may include a shower cap or lunch bag. When applied to my work with Z Spools, I utilize such thought processes often, especially when trouble shooting my extrusion process. When an extrusion does not go as planned – maybe the extruded plastic is too thing or has air bubbles – I save the “wasted” plastic and use it for art pieces/sculptures that I create out of the malformed plastic.

What are important things to keep in mind when it comes to manufacturing and environmental sustainability?

Efficiency and life cycle are two important concepts to keep in mind when it comes to manufacturing and environmental sustainability. In terms of efficiency, I refer to the manufacturing process as a whole, but also the development portion. As this applies to manufacturing 3D printing filament, the process can be quite wasteful if one does not keep a detailed record of accurate extrusion temperatures and speeds – among other variables. If the temperature is too hot, then the filament will be too thin for use. If the extrusion speed is too fast, then the filament will be become malformed. This wastes extrusion materials but worry not. This is where life cycle comes into play. Life cycle applies to the creation, use, and post-use of a product. Even if a product has abnormalities and cannot be used for its intended purpose, the material – in this case malformed 3D printing filament – can be used for other purposes. It can be broken down and fed back through a filament extruder. Or, one could be a bit more creative and use the twisted, cracked material for art installations as I have done in the past.

What motivated you to start your startup while in college?

At Davidson, I receive a lot of mentorship and monetary support for my academic and professional endeavors. This is a time in my life where I have the support system to pursue my ambitions. Even if I fail, I have the flexibility and support to pivot without the worry of debt. In addition, it is a wonderful learning experience that enhances my studies as an Environmental Studies student. I am very humbled and grateful to be in such a position as a student at Davidson.

What does your startup do?

We manufacture a patent pending, biodegradable 3D printing filament made of invasive species found in the Great Lakes. We work specifically with zebra and quagga mussel shells, two of the most prominent invasive species in Lake Erie. We start by hand collecting zebra and quagga mussel shells off of beaches mostly in Buffalo, NY. When then process the shells so they can be used to make our filament. I am currently working with two partners (one in Akron, OH and another in Dublin, Ireland) to perfect this manufacturing process. We are also currently working to develop an educational component as to inform our customers about these invasive species and what can be done to lessen their impact on the environment. We are waiting to introduce our product to market until we receive results from our patent application.

What are your thoughts on issues and policies such as the Green New Deal?

It is possible to encourage sustainable living and environmental protection through private movements and enterprises, but their effects will be lessened without the support of public policy and government funding. Such policies are crucial for a more sustainable world. Environmental Sustainability is intrinsically linked with globalization and policy reform,

What do you wish to see in terms of political reform with the US and globally?

Applying my environmental studies to my studies in Shanghai, I believe that more policy should be formed around manufacturing practices in China as it pertains to sustainability. Improvements to manufacturing practices in China would improve many environmental problems in the country including issues of water and air quality. The US and other countries that commonly import goods manufactured or assembled in China also have an important role to play. Enterprises in countries that utilize China’s manufacturing capabilities should push for more sustainable manufacturing practices, because it is these enterprises that are creating the demand for such pollution inducing products.

Lastly, what are your goals for the next 5 years?

In the next five years, I hope to find a co-founder for Z-Spools and expand to become an invasive species consulting service. I wish to develop other methods to utilize invasive species as natural resources not just in the US but in other countries as well, starting in China.

The post Interview with Lorena James, Who Turns Invasive Species of Quagga Mussels Into 3D Printing Filament appeared first on 3DPrint.com | The Voice of 3D Printing / Additive Manufacturing.