Simplify3D Archives - Perfect 3D Printing Filament

Sharebot Releases Improved SnowWhite2, Low-Cost SLS 3D Printer

In 2014, Italian 3D printer manufacturer Sharebot introduced its low-cost selective laser sintering (SLS) system, SnowWhite, at the TCT Show, two years prior to its market release. The company has since branched out in its 3D printer offerings, but is still improving its SLS system, releasing the SnowWhite2, an improved update to the original SnowWhite with some new features.

“SnowWhite was created to bring the advantages of sintering to small and medium-sized companies and laboratories, all in an economic, simple and effective way without sacrificing the professional quality of the result,” Sharebot states on its website. “The user can really “print in one click” because, once the profile of the material has been defined, the printing process is completely autonomous, requires no external intervention and the results are perfectly repeatable.”

The Sharebot SnowWhite2 features what Sharebot refers to as direct laser sintering (DLS) technology, infusing prints with thermal and mechanical resistance. Because of its CO₂ laser, multiple thermoplastic powders should work with this system, such as PA12 and TPU. It’s also possible to use special powders loaded with other material particles, like aluminum, carbon, or glass, to give prints a variety of mechanical, visual, and physical properties.

Textile sample 3D printed on SnowWhite2

One improvement that the SnowWhite2 features is an upgraded software interface, which includes custom print profiles and open parameters. The printer uses the Simplify3D slicer, and has Ethernet connectivity, which partners well with the Sharebox3D print notification system.

Another one of the major changes is improved temperature management of the print chamber. The SnowWhite2 printer can be integrated with a separate module, the SnowWhite2 Nitro, that uses oxygen presence sensors to regulate the flow of whichever inert gas is used, nitrogen or argon. This makes it possible to control the atmosphere inside the chamber, which Sharebot says means no more yellowing prints.

The company says that the Nitro module can be easily added for a modified print atmosphere at any time, and that it’s easy to set the 120 kg printer up. According to Sharebot, it takes less than ten minutes to start up the SnowWhite2, about the same amount of time to move from loading your material to printing out the first few layers.

The company states that the printer’s other features include ease of use, minimal maintenance and fast cleanup, durable prints with highly detailed surfaces, a heated build chamber, and a 50 micron Z-axis resolution. Sharebot also notes that, on average, the new SnowWhite2 consumes less than 1.5 kilowatts of electrical per hour, includes an advanced laser control system with emissivity settings, and that all the unused powder is recycled and “can be directly reused in subsequent processing.”

Assembly sample 3D printed on SnowWhite2

Additional SnowWhite2 3D printer specs are:

100 x 100 x 100 mm print volume
100 micron XY resolution
0.2 mm spot dimension
35 mm/h Z-axis speed
scan speed up to 3500 mm/s

With the SnowWhite 2, we are now seeing the second generation in low-cost SLS machines, as Sinterit has already released the Lisa 2 and Sintratec the S2. The goal with these systems is to bring sophisticated SLS technology down to a price point that smaller businesses and labs can afford. However, as these machines advance, one has to wonder how their costs will increase. Just as Sharebot has created its Nitro module for improved prints, Sinterit has launched a series of accessories that will likely bring up the total overall cost of operation. They may still be able to keep prices below high-end production systems, as Sinterit has demonstrated that it is still focused on reducing costs as much as possible with its accessories.

Sharebot is now taking pre-orders for the new SnowWhite2 3D printer, with delivery beginning October 1st, 2020. Also, there is currently a special discount for pre-orders of the printer until September 30; contact the company’s marketing department for more information.

(Images courtesy of Sharebot)

The post Sharebot Releases Improved SnowWhite2, Low-Cost SLS 3D Printer appeared first on 3DPrint.com | The Voice of 3D Printing / Additive Manufacturing.

3D Printing and COVID-19 Update, June 23, 2020: General Motors, Simplify3D

Companies, organizations and individuals continue to attempt to lend support to the COVID-19 pandemic supply effort. We will be providing regular updates about these initiatives where necessary in an attempt to ensure that the 3D printing community is aware of what is being done, what can be done and what shouldn’t be done to provide coronavirus aid.

Among the companies tasked by the federal U.S. government to tackle medical supply shortages was General Motors, which was contracted under the Defense Production Act to build 30,000 ventilators. As of June 1, the company—which has struggled as an automaker over the years—delivered the first 6,132, with the rest expected to be delivered by the end of August.

To produce the ventilators, GM leaned heavily on 3D printing. In addition to personal protection equipment, the auto company 3D printed nearly all of the tooling necessary to build the ventilator systems with its partners Ventec Life Systems and Hamilton Medical. Many of these are fixtures that were reverse engineered from Ventec and Hamilton part data and were meant to hold parts in place during assembly. In order to have the 3D printing capacity necessary, GM had 3D printers shipped from its Additive Innovation Lab and Additive Industrialization Center in Warren, Michigan to its manufacturing plant in Kokomo, Indiana.

Fixtures 3D-printed for holding parts into place during assembly. Image courtesy of GM.

Dominick Lentine, senior manufacturing engineer of additive applications at GM, said of the technology’s use in ventilator production, “3D printing allows us to make constant, rapid changes to fixtures based on feedback from the assembly teams. We can receive feedback from Hamilton, improve a part and have it flown back to Reno in less than 24 hours.”

SME has published an account of some of the challenges to 3D printing PPE in the current environment, touching on many of the topics that we have already discussed in previous stories and some that we have not. For instance, the post highlights the overabundance of designs now available for producing PPE and how some actually don’t work, while others do. Another issue is the creation of one-size-fits-all designs that may not actually work for every wearer. Material shortages have also been a problem for some efforts to 3D print PPE. Perhaps most importantly, the fear of liability still hangs over all of those involved in the 3D printing of medical devices who may not have the proper facilities, equipment, training and certifications.

Additive software developer Simplify3D has begun publishing a series detailing research dedicated to 3D printing PPE amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Titled “Lessons from the Field,” the work combines experience from Simplify3D engineers who spent hundreds of hours producing PPE equipment and feedback from over 40 organizations that were engaged in similar operations. Every post in the series will cover a different piece of PPE, including 3D model recommendations based on testing and feedback from healthcare professionals, sourcing, print optimization advice, assembly instructions and tips on distribution.

3D printing isn’t the only technology being used to deal with the new normal of life under COVID-19. As with AM, other technologies meant to address the crisis can seem either opportunistic or truly innovative.

As states and municipalities begin to reduce quarantine requirements, businesses operations are attempting to restart with new measures in place to reduce the possibilities of infection. Looking to capitalize on that process, British wearables firm Equivital has developed a social distancing device called eqWave, which alerts workers if they’re within 2 meters of one another. The product uses ultra wide band radio and Bluetooth to detect other eqWaves to provide 360-degree coverage around the wearer, alerting them with an LED light and haptic vibration.

Singapore-based robotics manufacturer Otsaw Digital Pte. has developed what it calls an autonomous disinfection robot. The system, dubbed O-RX, uses UV-C LED technology kill microbes, such as bacteria and COVID-19. The company suggests that, unlike UV-A and UV-B emitting mercury lamps, the machine’s UV-C LED light is safe and non-carcinogenic. Otsaw also claims that the O-RX has a disinfection rate of over 99.999%. Developed in just eight weeks, the O-RX uses a 360-degree camera and LiDAR sensors to allow it to drive automatically and avoid obstacles.

The O-RX robot from Otsaw. Image courtesy of Otsaw.

As the pandemic continues to grip the world, we will continue to provide regular updates about what the 3D printing community is doing in response. As always, it is important to keep safety in mind, remain critical about the potential marketing and financial interests behind seemingly good humanitarian efforts from businesses, and to do no harm.

The post 3D Printing and COVID-19 Update, June 23, 2020: General Motors, Simplify3D appeared first on 3DPrint.com | The Voice of 3D Printing / Additive Manufacturing.

The Delta WASP 3MT CONCRETE 3D printer – technical specifications and pricing

WASP has launched its new Delta WASP 3MT CONCRETE 3D printer. The large-scale concrete 3D printer is aimed at construction professionals, educational institutes, and architects, boasting a “new standard in the additive manufacturing of concrete mortars”. According to WASP, the printer is productive, versatile, safe, and characterized by the expertise of its manufacturer. The option […]

Review: The CraftBot Flow IDEX XL – a workshop suitable tall-format IDEX FFF 3D printer

3D Printing Industry reviews the CraftBot Flow IDEX XL 3D printer. Designed by Hungarian manufacturer Craftunique, the CraftBot Flow IDEX XL is a large-format independent dual extrusion (IDEX) FFF machine. Priced at $3,999, the system is targeted at engineers, designers, architects and artists looking to produce sizable professional-grade prints for functional, artistic or prototyping purposes. The […]

Tractus3D launches the T2000 – technical specifications and pricing

Tractus3D has launched its new T2000 3D printer. The large-format FFF system aims to cater to the large-scale printing needs of businesses for applications such as signage, education, automotive, engineering and manufacturing, while maintaining portability with its relatively slender build. “Not every company has a room or space to fit a 3D printer of 3.5 […]

FELIXprinters Launches Its First Bioprinter the FELIX BIOprinter

If we could visualize the future of medicine, drug testing, and artificial tissue and organ development, we would most certainly find bioprinters in the spotlight. Part of the vanguard vision of many companies and researchers alike is that the machines will become a familiar resource used in every bioengineering lab, university and even school around the globe. But building up to that momentum might take many years, even decades, yet this is becoming one of the most interesting times for the field, with a widening array of companies boosting bioprinting technology commercially, we can’t help but get excited when we hear about recent advances and newly launched machines.

Taking advantage of years of knowledge in 3D printing, Dutch manufacturer FELIXprinters announced today their latest venture, the commercial launch of a new bioprinter known as the FELIX BIOprinter. The company partnered with TRAINING4CRM and the Technical University of Denmark (DTU) to design a machine that works for all types of bioprinting research, equipped with strong motors that can extrude a wide range of material types and viscosities. According to the product site, the BIOprinter dispenses a wide range of viscous materials up to a viscosity of 64,000 Centipoise, with the ability to extrude materials and bioinks that range in consistency from liquids to pastes.

“The BIOprinter has been designed to be the ultimate bio research instrument in a cost-effective package, and has been developed alongside the brightest minds in the bioprinting sector,” suggested Wilgo Feliksdal, co-founder of FELIXprinters. “Uniquely, the BIOprinter combines dual sterilizable printheads which have a modular design for easy changeovers, and separate heads are available to print different bioinks at the same time. This integrates different material properties into a single scaffold structure.”

The new BIOprinter (Image: FELIXprinters)

Based on the existing and established FELIX products, the BIOprinter was developed on the chassis of the FELIXprinters product line. According to the company, the new printer is characterized by key features that are specifically designed for medical, scientific and research applications, including syringe cooling, print bed cooling and heating, a dual-head system, easy syringe positioning (ergonomic access to the machine innards supports researchers in their work), and automatic bed leveling.

It is also equipped with a touchscreen that has a user-friendly interface and embedded print server that allows remote print file monitoring, use in a multi-user environment, and print-file management. A nozzle probing system enables automated bed leveling and calibration of the nozzles, plus a camera module that allows users to monitor prints remotely from their smartphone or computer complete the features of this machine. FELIX indicates that the BIOprinter also retracts with a highly precise motor for better dosage or materials and more accurate material flow versus alternative air pressure systems.

“The BIOprinter consists of an adaptable and flexible ecosystem to ensure that it can meet a wide range of researchers’ needs without generating unnecessary costs. One major advantage is the source control system which enables the user to use standard slicing software and make changes themselves if needed. Also, syringes are not restricted to expensive brand-specific or in-house produced products that essentially drive up operating costs. The machine instead has been designed to use a standard 5ml syringe, and standardized Petri dishes and culture plates, so there are no limitations on auxiliary parts and materials,” continued Feliksdal.

A big plus is that the machine uses familiar slicing software Simplify 3D, to allow fully in-control and customizable user experience. The BIOprinter is also WIFI and LAN enabled, comes with a one-year warranty, and lifetime customer support.

FELIXprinters officials claim that their new machine has been designed to be easily upgradeable, which means that its lifecycle can be extended without compromising quality, reliability, and productivity. While users can benefit from the fact that print heads are easy to sterilize, which eliminates the likelihood of contamination.

First introduced at Formnext‘s event in Frankfurt, Germany, last November, the machine is now commercially available with pre-orders already being processed. It was showcased alongside the company’s Tec 4, Pro 3 Touch, and Pro L and XL machines, which are used throughout an array of industry sectors for challenging AM production applications, and under the umbrella of their theme: “Going Dutch”, which displayed moving windmills, mini-clogs, and iconic colored tulips all created in FELIXprinter’s machines. It’s all part of the company’s Dutch heritage, which they are extremely proud of.

To develop the BIOprinter, which is handmade in the Netherlands, the company received funding from the European Union Horizon 2020 Programme, a funding program for research and innovation with nearly €80 billion of funding available over a seven-year period (from 2014 to 2020). While 13 research institutions participated in the development, including the University of Gothenburg, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Tufts University, Lund University and more.

New 3D bioprinters and bioinks bring so many opportunities to researchers with unique needs. And exploring new possibilities to work with different biomaterials and machines in the field of biofabrication helps them make new discoveries that can benefit everyone. For now, we will have to wait and see what FELIX BIOprinter users will create!

The post FELIXprinters Launches Its First Bioprinter the FELIX BIOprinter appeared first on 3DPrint.com | The Voice of 3D Printing / Additive Manufacturing.

Italy: Studying Properties & Geometry of Scaffold-Like Structures for Tissue Engineering

Italian authors Claudia Pagano, Lara Rebaioli, Francesco Baldi, and Irene Fassi explore the unique details of creating scaffold-like structures in the recently published ‘Mechanical behavior of scaffold-like structures: Research of relationships between properties and geometry.’ In this study, the focus is on scaffold geometry and stability, and how mechanical properties are affected.

Scaffolds today are used in a wide range of tissue regeneration and engineering applications, serving as porous structures based on networks promoting the growth of human tissue. The researchers realized for this study that it was critical to confirm the relationship between stiffness and strength and the size of samples in ‘polymeric parts’ structured like scaffolds. PLA ‘scaffold-like samples’ were printed and tested for tensile strength, slicing the 3D models in Simplify3D using a Sharebot NG 3D printer. Samples were printed to include ten replicates for each height of 6, 12, 18, and 24mm.

a) Model of the structure geometry b) specimen examples

Each of the specimens was evaluated regarding density, porosity, and mass.

Picture of the compression test set-up

Loading curves for each specimen demonstrated:

First region (R1) – load increases linearly
Second region (R2) – characterized by abrupt reduction of slope
Third region (R3) – just beyond the knee

“By analogy with the behavior of cellular materials, and by considering the compression direction and the specific 3D structure, it is likely that: in the linear elastic region R1, the load is mostly borne by the material in the filament junctions of the adjacent layers; at the knee (R2), the plastic collapse of the structure occurs, based on localized yielding phenomena of the constituent polymer; in R3, the porous structure undergoes a progressive accumulation of plastic deformation and the filaments crash together, resulting in an evident distortion of the specimen.”

a) relative stiffness b) relative strength

The authors also note that because of the polymer strength offering more influence, ‘with respect to stiffness,’ that element should be taken into account when selecting material to build a structure; in fact—and of course this makes sense in any construction project—a comprehensive knowledge is critical to the success of any design and consequent structure that is created later.

“In case the mechanical behavior of a typical scaffold structure could be described by referring to properties intrinsic to the system (independent on the geometry/size) the structure could be treated as an effective ‘3D material,’ and the scaffold design could be easily produced and its performance predicted,” concluded the researchers.

“Several parallelepiped-shaped specimens with different sizes have been fabricated and their mechanical stiffness and strength measured by compression tests. The results have showed that the porosity degree controls the stiffness and strength of the 3D structure. Only the strength, taken as the stress at failure, is intrinsic to the examined structure (thus behaving as a ‘3D material’ concerning the mechanical strength), whereas for the stiffness, a specimen size dependence has been observed. The polymer properties have a stronger influence on the 3D structure strength rather than on its elastic response.”

The successful fabrication of scaffolds is becoming more important to research today—and to patient-specific treatment in areas such as bone replacement, mesh reinforcements, and classic tissue engineering.

What do you think of this news? Let us know your thoughts! Join the discussion of this and other 3D printing topics at 3DPrintBoard.com.

[Source / Images: ‘Mechanical behavior of scaffold-like structures: Research of relationships between properties and geometry’]

The post Italy: Studying Properties & Geometry of Scaffold-Like Structures for Tissue Engineering appeared first on 3DPrint.com | The Voice of 3D Printing / Additive Manufacturing.

German RepRap Introduces New L320 3D Printer for Liquid Additive Manufacturing

First introduced on the AM trade show circuit in 2017, the unique Liquid Additive Manufacturing (LAM) 3D printing process by industrial 3D printer manufacturer German RepRap works somewhat like FDM, as each layer is extruded and then cross-linked through thermal curing. This can create parts that have very interesting mechanical properties which could allow for many new applications in 3D printing.

The company’s LAM technology, developed in partnership with Dow Corning, works with materials that are not melted and then solidified again, as with FFF 3D printing. Instead, the process uses a liquid material, like German RepRap’s customizable polyurethane-based plastic, which is then vulcanized under heat exposure; this is what fully cross-links the individual deposited layers so they are firmly connected.

What also makes LAM such a unique AM process is that it allows for the industrial 3D printing of liquid or high viscosity material, such as Liquid Silicone Rubber (LSR). The company claims that LAM 3D printing can make components with nearly the same properties as injection molded parts, which could prove useful in developing new customer groups that need a more economical method of manufacturing. Especially in flexible materials, this process could see many exciting applications in the medical or footwear arena. Silicone has excellent properties and many firms are very familiar with using it.

German RepRap L320

This fall, German RepRap presented its LAM process at formnext 2018, along with its first production-ready LAM 3D printer, the L280. The company has been working to further develop the technology for industry use, and is now introducing its new L320 LAM 3D printer, which is an “extremely stable” system, according to German RepRap, that has been “adapted to the high demands of industrial continuous operation.”

With a 250 x 320 x 150 mm build platform and weighing in at approximately 350 kg (without the cartridge system), the L320 features a touchscreen display for intuitive operation, industrial rollers and stand for easy handling, and volumetric extrusion with a lift and sunk system. The printer uses Simplify3D software, and its new printhead technology allows for precise metering and mixing ratios. The nozzle itself would seem to be one by German firm Viscotec but this was not disclosed.

Thermal crosslinking

LAM technology makes it possible to influence the application direction, in turn influencing layer-level vulcanization as well. The polymers used in this process have a better molecular structure, as base materials, rather than processed ones, are used. Because insights from 3D printed prototype models can be directly transferred to injection molding, customers benefit from a reduced time-to-market, and the design freedom afforded by 3D printing makes it possible to use cross, lattice, or honeycomb structures to fill parts for better optimization of customized products.

“A high-temperature halogen lamp releases activation energy to accelerate complete crosslinking, at the molecular level. This fine-tuned reaction, in both small and large objects, is ensured by the driving speed of the lamp,” German RepRap explains on its website. “Due to this thermal cross-linking, the printing time is considerably reduced, at the same time the printing result, especially also in terms of time savings, sets new standards.”

Through extensive testing and pilot applications, the company says that it has proven the reliability of its new L320 3D printer in achieving precise, continuous operation. The printer also features sound safety technology, which monitors the curing process, and the system also registers and displays any deviations; if there are any serious irregularities, the print job will automatically stop.

To request test prints, or to talk about purchasing the L320 for individual use, email info@germanreprap.com. Commercial users who require high reliability and availability can also get a maintenance contract and professional on-site service from trained German RepRap technicians. This service includes hardware and software training, in addition to maintenance and repair of the L320 itself.

Discuss this story and other 3D printing topics at 3DPrintBoard.com or share your thoughts in the Facebook comments below.

[Images: German RepRap]

The post German RepRap Introduces New L320 3D Printer for Liquid Additive Manufacturing appeared first on 3DPrint.com | The Voice of 3D Printing / Additive Manufacturing.

University of Nottingham: 3D Printed PG/PLA Composites for Repairing Fractures

In ‘Mechanical properties and in vitro degradation behavior of additively manufactured phosphate glass particles/fibers reinforced polyactide,’ authors Lizhe He, Jiahui Zhong, Chenkai Zhu, and Xiaoling Liu explore a new level of material for 3D printing with phosphate glass/polylactide (PG/PLA) composites for use in medical applications such as fabrication of customized bone fixation plates for repairing fractures.

While bone regeneration is an area of great interest in 3D printing and additive manufacturing, so is the more common element of healing breaks, as researchers continue to look for better ways to improve the process—often accompanied by a range of bone fixation plates, screws, pins, and rods. Materials are key, along with integrity in design. Implants must be biocompatible, but the process is seamless when they are biodegradable too, thus eliminating the need for surgery.

The materials were tested for suitable mechanical properties as well as in vitro degradation behavior after creating models designed with PTC Creo Parametric, which were then imported into Simplify3D and the PG/PLA composites were 3D printed on an Ultimaker 2+. With the ability to fabricate complex geometries, the researchers could also control the level of porosity for bioprinting and tissue engineering purposes.

“Comparisons were made with PLA, and PLA reinforced with different loadings of PG particles (PGPs) as well as composites with reinforcements of different geometries [PGPs or milled phosphate glass fibers (PGFs)].”

The aim was to evaluate the AM composites as fracture fixation plates. A three-point bending test was performed, along with in vitro degradation for examining the strength and hydroscopy of the composites. There was a pH value check, along with dynamic mechanical analysis, and fiber length and laser particle size analysis. Both microscopy and statistical analysis were performed also.

Initial flexural properties of the FDM fabricated PLA, PGP/PLA, and PGF/PLA composites. Error bars represent standard deviation. Significance was marked with: * (p < 0.05, n = 5), ** (p < 0.01, n = 5) in black (strength) and red (modulus).

In continuing to compare with PLA specimens, the authors noted the following:

Improved flexural modulus
Reduced flexural strength
Reduced strain at break
Intensified effects with increased PGP loading

Typical stress–strain curves of the three‐point bending test of the FDM fabricated PLA, PGP/PLA, and PGF/PLA composites.

“Embrittlement and strength reduction are associated with of stress concentration and low interfacial strength. It is likely here that the stress concentration effect was augmented by the incorporation of particulate with sharp corners. With increased filler loading, stress concentration sites also increased and led to more pronounced strength reduction and the same effect on strain at failure,” noted the authors.

Here, the average fiber length was 54 μm, and median and mode of fiber length were even lower. In comparison to authentic cortical bones, the PGF 10 composite was noted by the researchers to be ‘a close approximation,’ although flexural modulus was found to be considerably lower.

“Stiffness matching is recognized as the ‘gold standard’ for bone fixation implants, as fixation implants with such mechanical properties are strong and stiff enough for the load‐bearing activities without leading to ‘stress shielding.’ As such, it is probably necessary to consider the use of higher/longer fiber loading for this type of application,” stated the researchers.

Continuous PGF/PLA composites are more ‘suitable,’ according to the authors, in regard to load-bearing fixation—a feature connected with continuous fibers leading to stiffness. The flexural modulus of these materials, however, was reduced by ~80% after 28 days of degradation. The PGF 10 composites lost ~30% of initial flexural modulus after a degradation period of 56 days. The rapid flexural modulus could have been a result of the fiber ends being exposed in degradation media.

“Based on the consideration of both the initial mechanical properties and the facility to produce composites with desired geometries straightforwardly, the additive manufacturing of PG/PLA composites exhibits good potential in the making of patient‐specific fixation implants for bone that has low demand for load‐bearing, for example, zygoma, ankle, and maxilla,” concluded the researchers.

“These bones have been previously reported to be successfully restored using PLA‐based biodegradable fixation devices. Compared to PLA alone, it was demonstrated that the incorporation of PGF enhanced the flexural modulus of implants. It is also anticipated that the degradation of PGF releases magnesium, calcium, and phosphate to upregulate bone regrowth. Moreover, the FDM process allows fixation implants with customized geometries to be built directly and may remove the need for contouring of implants for anatomic fit during the operation.”

A serious interest in 3D printing today translates into a serious interest in materials—and most likely composites too, as they are able to add significant strength and improved properties to prototypes and parts, including that of polymers, bioprinting applications, and metals like titanium. What do you think of this news? Let us know your thoughts! Join the discussion of this and other 3D printing topics at 3DPrintBoard.com.

SEM images of polished/pristine fractured surfaces of virgin PLA (a,b); PGP 10 (c,d); PGP 20 (e,f); and PGF 10 (g,h) composites

SEM images of pristine fractured surfaces of PLA (a,b); PGP 10 (c,d); PGP 20 (e,f); and PGF 10 (g,h) degraded at 37 °C in PBS for 28/56 days.

SEM images showing the fusion of PGPs (a) and PGFs (b) into excrescences, captured on Day 56.

[Source / Images: ‘Mechanical properties and in vitro degradation behavior of additively manufactured phosphate glass particles/fibers reinforced polyactide‘]

The post University of Nottingham: 3D Printed PG/PLA Composites for Repairing Fractures appeared first on 3DPrint.com | The Voice of 3D Printing / Additive Manufacturing.

3D printing jobs update, 3Dexter, Simplify3D, Assembrix, Penn State University

Are you searching for jobs in 3D printing? Visit our 3D printing job board for a host of new opportunities in the additive manufacturing industry. There are currently new listings in web development, software engineering, education and more. Sign up to apply now, or if you’re stuck, you can read our guide on how to get […]